Scientists

Ibn Al Haytham

Quick Facts

Ibn al-HaythamInformation
Full NameAbū ʿAlī al-Ḥasan ibn al-Ḥasan ibn al-Haytham
Latinized NameAlhazen
Date of Birthc. 965 (c. 354 AH)
Place of BirthBasra, Buyid Emirate
Date of Deathc. 1040 (c. 430 AH) (aged around 75)
Place of DeathCairo, Fatimid Caliphate
FieldsPhysics, Mathematics, Astronomy
Known ForBook of Optics, Doubts Concerning Ptolemy, Alhazen’s problem, analysis, Catoptrics, horopter, spherical aberration, intromission theory of visual perception, moon illusion, experimental science, scientific methodology, animal psychology
Major ContributionsCorrect theory of vision, principle of least time for refraction, reflection and refraction studies, hypothesis-based experimentation, scientific method
Influential WorkKitāb al-Manāẓir (Book of Optics)
Influence on Western ScientistsFrequently cited by Isaac Newton, Johannes Kepler, Christiaan Huygens, Galileo Galilei
NicknamesAl-Baṣrī (from Basra), Al-Miṣrī (the Egyptian), “Second Ptolemy” by Abu’l-Hasan Bayhaqi, “The Physicist” by John Peckham
Legacy“Father of modern optics”, pioneer of the scientific method, sometimes described as the world’s “first true scientist”
BackgroundArab or Persian origin
Early CareerVizier in Basra, attempted to regulate the flooding of the Nile
Life in CairoGiven administrative post, later lived under house arrest, wrote Book of Optics
DeathContinued to live in Cairo until death, supported by proceeds from literary works
Notable ManuscriptCopy of Apollonius’ Conics in Ibn al-Haytham’s handwriting (Aya Sofya: MS Aya Sofya 2762, 307 fob., dated Safar 415 A.H. [1024])
Ibn_al-Haytham

Ibn Al Haytham Books

Book Title
Book of Optics (Kitāb al-Manāẓir)
De aspectibus
On the Light of the Moon
Shukūk ʻalá Baṭlamyūs (Doubts Concerning Ptolemy)
Ibn al-Haytham’s Abhandlung über das Licht
Alhacen on Image-Formation and Distortion in Mirrors
Alhacen on Refraction: English Translation
Alhacen on Refraction: Introduction and Latin Text
Alhacen’s Theory of Visual Perception
On the Configuration of the World

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